Factors Contributing to the Low Uptake of PMTCT Services in Blantyre and Balaka Rural.

Abstract

Introduction: Malawi is one of the 10 countries most affected by HIV/AIDS pandemic worldwide. In response to this the Malawi government in collaboration with other partners like GOAL Malawi, has established the Prevention of Mother to Child transmission programme (PMTCT). Low uptake of PMTCT services is one of the biggest challenges the programme faces. Study Objectives: To establish factors contributing to low PMTCT service uptake by women in Blantyre and Balaka Rural. Methodology : This was a cross sectional qualitative study conducted at 7 selected health sectors in Blantyre and Balaka Districts. Data were generated from 83 subjects through in–depth interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analyzed manually and SPSS was used to analyse quantitative data. Results: The study confirmed that there was low uptake of PMTCT services by mothers in the study areas. The main barriers for low uptake of the services identified include stigma and discrimination, opposition from male partners, women’s fear of disclosure of HIV status, and cost of infant feeds. The study also established big knowledge gaps among PMTCT providers. Conclusions and Recommendations: In order to promote uptake of PMTCT services by mothers, there is need to involve men since they play a significant role in decision making in Malawi. Raising awareness of the programme among the community will promote community involvement and support of the mothers on the PMTCT programme. Training of health workers and simplifying the counseling content in protocols for easy reference may improve the quality of counseling given by the PMTCT providers.